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Reye syndrome or Reye's syndrome is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy which usually begins shortly after recovery from an acute viral illness, especially influenza and varicella (chickenpox). It is a potentially fatal syndrome that has numerous detrimental effects on many organs, especially the brain and liver, as well as causing hyperammonemia (elevated blood ammonia level) and low blood sugar. The classic features are a rash, vomiting, and liver damage. The exact cause is unknown and, while it has been associated with aspirin consumption by children with viral illness, it also occurs in the absence of aspirin use. The disease causes fatty liver with minimal inflammation and cerebral edema (swelling of the brain). The liver may become slightly enlarged and firm, and there is a change in the appearance of the kidneys. Jaundice is not usually present. Children of ages 4 to 12 are most commonly afflicted. Early diagnosis is vital; although most children recover with supportive therapy, it may lead to severe brain injury and death. Cases in adults are extremely rare and are more responsive to treatment. The first description of this syndrome was probably made by Najib Khan in Jamshedpur in 1956 (Jamshedpur fever).〔Ghai Essential pediatrics, 7th edition, page number:543〕 ==Signs and symptoms== Reye syndrome progresses through five stages:〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.reyessyndrome.org/facts.html )〕 * Stage I * * Rash on palms of hands and feet * * Persistent, heavy vomiting that is not relieved by not eating * * Generalized lethargy * * Confusion * * Nightmares * * No fever usually present * * Headaches * Stage II * * Stupor * * Hyperventilation * * Fatty liver (found by biopsy) * * Hyperactive reflexes * Stage III * * Continuation of Stage I and II symptoms * * Possible coma * * Possible cerebral edema * * Rarely, respiratory arrest * Stage IV * * Deepening coma * * Dilated pupils with minimal response to light * * Minimal but still present liver dysfunction * Stage V * * Very rapid onset following stage IV * * Deep coma * * Seizures * * Multiple organ failure * * Flaccidity * * Hyperammonemia (above 300 mg/dL of blood) * * Death 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Reye syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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